Anti-Shia polemics generally overemphasize the transnational connections of Arab Shia communities, while Arab Shia leaders often downplay them, stating that the national affiliation is the most important trait of Arab Shia identity.
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With an escalating logic almost built into the Syrian war, an inexperienced, belligerent and ambitious young royal in charge in Riyadh, a trigger-happy Erdogan shooting down Russian planes, and sectarianism as rampant as ever, the future of Saudi Arabia and the region is more unpredictable than it has been for a long time.
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The spread of extremist Islamist ideology is as much a result of Western foreign policy as of Saudi machinations.
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The prominence of transnational identities has been one of the main features of the Arab uprisings that started in late 2010.
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